Vol. 9, Special Issue 1 (2021)
Productivity and profitability in dry direct sown rice through mechanization
Author(s): MMV Srinivasa Rao, D Nagarjuna and KV Ramana Murthy
Abstract: In most of South Asia, common practice of establishing rice cultivation is through puddling followed by manual transplanting. Direct seeding methods have several advantages over transplanting. Firstly, direct seeding saves labour. Farm mechanization is low in the rice crop in India. Complete machinery package is needed to be introduced to enhance the production and also it helps in minimize the input energy and cost involved in rice crop. The development of short duration, early-maturing cultivars and efficient nutrient management techniques along with increased adoption of integrated weed management methods have encouraged many farmers to switch from transplanted to DSR culture. Area under direct sown rice is increasing every year under North coastal Zone as the farmers are switching over from lowland rice cultivation. The causes for such a change over in the method of cultivation is due to the late release of irrigation water in the canals, erratic rainfall pattern and the shortage of labour for transplanting rice. However, the yields of paddy in this situation will be greatly limited by labour costs and lack of proper weed management which needs to be effectively managed for realizing higher productivity. Rice under direct sown conditions has great potential for realization of higher grain yields. However, severe weed infestation has been recognized as one of the major limitations that hamper the enhanced productivity levels in rice grown under this system. Therefore, the present investigation is proposed to study the mechanization in DSR in combination with efficacy of the available pre and post emergence herbicides for efficient and economical weed control. Dry direct seeding (DDS) with total mechanization (Sowing with seed drill, pre-emergence spray of Pretilachlor@500 ml/ac+ post emergence spray of bispyribacsodium@100 ml/ac, power weeding, mechanical harvesting and threshing / Winnowing fan, seed processing) recorded an average grain yield of 6467 kgha-1 with an increase of 28.37% when compared to farmers practice(5269 kgha-1). Similarly the straw yield is also recorded 16.95% high in mechanized practice (6410kgha-1) with that of farmers practice(5690 kgha-1). The total cost of cultivation was reduced to 15.78% in mechanized practice and gross income was increased by 17.12% in comparison with farmers practice. The benefit cost ratio(2.87) is also more in mechanized practice in comparing with farmers practice(2.11).
DOI: 10.22271/chemi.2021.v9.i1a.11245
Pages: 17-20 | 758 Views 147 Downloads
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How to cite this article:
MMV Srinivasa Rao, D Nagarjuna and KV Ramana Murthy. Productivity and profitability in dry direct sown rice through mechanization. International Journal of Chemical Studies. 2021; 9(1): 17-20. DOI: 10.22271/chemi.2021.v9.i1a.11245
