Vol. 7, Special Issue 6 (2019)
Productivity of aerobic rice hybrid under varying plant density: A review
Author(s): Kumari Jayanti and Praveen Kumar
Abstract: Rice (Oryza sativa L.), one of most important food crops in the world, forms staple diet of 2.7 billion people. Globally it is cultivated in an around 150 million ha, producing 573 million tonnes paddy with an average productivity of 3.83 tonnes ha-1. Its cultivation is of immense importance for food security of Asia, where more than 90% of global rice is produced and consumed. Rice provides 32-95% of the dietary energy and contributes 40% of food grain production, providing direct employment to 70% people in rural areas. Being the staple food for more than 65% of people, our national food security hinges on the growth and stability of its production. In India, rice is grown in an area of 44 million ha under four major eco systems i.e. irrigated (21 million ha), rainfed lowland (14.2 million ha) rainfed upland (6.3 million ha) and flood-prone (3.1 million ha) with total production of 105.24 million tonnes and average productivity of 2.4 t ha-1. Whereas in Jharkhand Rice is cultivated in 17.4 lakh ha with total production of 31.6 lakh tonnes. Directorate of Economics and Statistics (2012-2013).
More than half of the rice area (55%) in India is under rainfed condition and distribution-wise 80% of the rainfed rice area is in eastern India, making its cultivation vulnerable to vagaries of monsoon. In the past four decades, our country has made spectacular progress in rice production and productivity. The increase was 4.5 times from 20.6 million tonnes in 1950-51 to 105 million tonnes paddy in 2012-13. Asia’s food security depends largely on the irrigated rice fields, which produces three quarters of all rice harvested. But rice is a profligate user of water, consuming half of all developed fresh water resources. The increasing scarcity of water threatens the sustainability of the irrigated rice production system and hence the food security and livelihood of rice producers and consumers.
Pages: 169-176 | 491 Views 65 Downloads
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How to cite this article:
Kumari Jayanti and Praveen Kumar. Productivity of aerobic rice hybrid under varying plant density: A review. International Journal of Chemical Studies. 2019; 7(6): 169-176.
