Vol. 11, Issue 4 (2023)
Phytochemical screening and antiradical activity of a hydroethanolic extract of the calyxes of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae), a species of food and pharmacological interest in Togolese flora
Author(s): Awaga Kwami Lumo, Boukari Oumaï, Mélila Mamatchi, Afankoutche Kokou Mawunyo Pierre, Mensah Labité Komlan, Awili Tètouwalla, Métowogo Kossi and Amouzou Kou’santa
Abstract: Hibiscus sabdariffa L. is a food plant used in traditional medicine in Togo for its biological activities due to the many bioactive molecules it contains. Several previous studies have confirmed the biological activities of this species. However, few data are available in Togo. It is therefore necessary to investigate this plant in Togo, known as the impact of climatic and edaphic variations on its phytochemical constitution. The aim of this study is to contribute to the development of this species by determining its phytochemical compounds and assessing the antioxidant activity of its calyxes. A hydroethanol extraction was performed on H. sabdariffa calyxes harvested in Lomé. Phytochemical tests were carried out on the dry extract obtained, using characterization reactions based on coloring and/or precipitation principles. Antiradical activity was determined by DPPH● radical inhibition and ferric ion reduction tests of the [(Fe(III)TPTZ)2] complex. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, reducing carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, total carbohydrates and total polyphenols in the extract under consideration. The results also showed that the calyx hydroethanol extract analyzed contained high levels of phenolic compounds, i.e. 32.596 ± 1.121 mg EAG/g, 31.537 ± 1.161 mg EAG/g and 64.461 ± 2.718 mg ER/g for total phenols, tannins and flavonoids respectively. These compounds were probably responsible for the anti-free radical activity observed, with an IC50 of 247.00 ± 2.88 µg/ml for inhibition of the DPPH● radical, and a reducing power for Fe3+ ferric ions, with an EC50 of 10.153 ± 0.123 µg/ml. H. sabdariffa calyxes from the Togolese flora thus possess an interesting antioxidant activity concomitant with their phytochemical constitution. These results also justify the therapeutic and dietary uses of these calyxes, which should be considered as an endogenous source of healthy, sustainable food security in Togo.
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Awaga Kwami Lumo, Boukari Oumaï, Mélila Mamatchi, Afankoutche Kokou Mawunyo Pierre, Mensah Labité Komlan, Awili Tètouwalla, Métowogo Kossi, Amouzou Kou’santa. Phytochemical screening and antiradical activity of a hydroethanolic extract of the calyxes of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae), a species of food and pharmacological interest in Togolese flora. Int J Chem Stud 2023;11(4):39-43.
