Vol. 10, Issue 2 (2022)
Comparative studies of the anti-microbial effect of Parkia biglobosa (Dawadawa) and Psidium guajava (Guava) stem extracts on microbes commonly associated with oral infections
Author(s): Ofosu EM, Mbatchou V, Adjetey AA, Mintah SO and Boamah D
Abstract: Plants have been used for the treatment of various diseases thousands of years ago and are still in use by about 80% of the world’s population due to their effectiveness, availability and little or no side effects. Psidium guajava (guava) and Parkia biglobosa (dawadawa) are used locally in Ghana for treatment of dental problems. It has also been observed that the local people who use the stems of these plant as chewing sticks are protected from tooth decay and other dental problems that affect some people who use commercial tooth pastes. This study therefore sought to investigate the susceptibility of Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutants and Escherichia coli associated with oral diseases to the aqueous and 70% ethanol guava and dawadawa (stem/twine) extracts. The agar well diffusion and broth dilution assays were used to determine the antimicrobial activity and the MICs respectively. Phytochemical screening was also performed to determine the secondary metabolites present. All the extracts at 200 - 12.5 mg/ml were able to inhibit Streptococcus mutants and Escherichia coli with mean zones of inhibitions ranging from 18.67 ± 0.58 to 9.33 ± 0.58 and 28.0 ± 1.73 to 10.0 ± 1.73 respectively. Candida albicans was not susceptible to any of the extracts. The MICs of the extracts against E. coli and S. mutants ranged between 3.125 and 12.5 mg/ml. Secondary metabolites present in extracts included Saponins, Reducing sugar, Tannins. Flavonoids and Triterpenes were only present in 70% ethanol extract of P. biglobosa. However, Alkaloids, Anthracenocides, Phytosterols and Cyanogenic glycosides were absent. The aqueous and 70% ethanol extracts of guava and dawadawa exhibited good antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. mutants but ineffective against candida albicans.
Pages: 17-20 | 645 Views 95 Downloads
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How to cite this article:
Ofosu EM, Mbatchou V, Adjetey AA, Mintah SO, Boamah D. Comparative studies of the anti-microbial effect of Parkia biglobosa (Dawadawa) and Psidium guajava (Guava) stem extracts on microbes commonly associated with oral infections. Int J Chem Stud 2022;10(2):17-20.
