Vol. 7, Issue 4 (2019)
Effect of dietary betaine supplementation on growth performance, immunity and oxidative stress in Karan fries heifers during heat stress
Author(s): Preeti Lakhani, Parveen Kumar, Neeti Lakhani and Aamrapali Bhimte
Abstract: Thermal stress leads to increase in blood supply to the periphery and a compensatory reduction in the blood supply to the gut leading to increase production of endotoxins in the body causing injury to the organ and increase in acute phase protein responses in the body. Therefore, a need arises of an antioxidant that protects the gut integrity. Recently betaine, a trimethyl form of glycine has been found to ameliorate heat stress. The experiment was divided into two parts. Experiment-I (thermoneutral conditions) and Experiment–II (summer season : hot-dry and hot-humid season) were carried out on eighteen female Karan Fries heifers were taken and randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 6) such as control, Treatment I (Betaine supplemented @ 25g/d/animal), Treatment II (Betaine supplemented @ 50g/d/animal) when the average maximum and minimum temperatures were (23.5°C and 9.9°C) and (35.3°C and 22.4°C), respectively. Betaine supplementation resulted in significant (p<0.05) increase in DMI, body weight gain and plasma GH. The mRNA expression of IGF-1 was significantly (P<0.01) higher in Treatment I.When the groups were compared during hot dry, hot humid and thermo-neutral season, expression of interleukins (IL-6 and IL-10) showed opposite pattern and expression of MnSOD showed similar pattern. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of IL-6 was observed to be higher (P<0.01) in control group than Treatment I and Treatment II group and expression of IL-10 and MnSOD were observed to be higher (P<0.01) in Treatment II followed by Treatment I as compared to control. Plasma level of Acute Phase proteins (Serum amyloid A and haptoglobin) and Total Antioxidant capacity were significantly (p<0.05) lower in betaine supplemented groups as compared to control whereas plasma level of cortisol did not differ significantly. In conclusion, betaine administration enhances nutrient utilisation and have a dwindling effect on expression of cytokines, suggesting a possible role of this potent antioxidant immunomodulator on heat stress amelioration.
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How to cite this article:
Preeti Lakhani, Parveen Kumar, Neeti Lakhani, Aamrapali Bhimte. Effect of dietary betaine supplementation on growth performance, immunity and oxidative stress in Karan fries heifers during heat stress. Int J Chem Stud 2019;7(4):533-541.
