Vol. 7, Issue 3 (2019)
Role of growth hormone in reproduction
Author(s): Jyotsana Shakkarpude, Aditya Mishra, Preeti Lakhani, Anand Jain, Manju Kumari and Deepika D Caesar
Abstract: Growth hormone (GH) is an important endocrine and an autocrine/ paracrine regulator of reproduction. It controls proliferation, growth, differentiation, apoptosis, secretory and generative activities of different reproductive organs. It is useful in improving gonadal function, inducing superovulation, embryonic development and plays physiological role in control of male reproductive development. It stimulates insulin like growth factor-I expression in porcine and rat granulosa cells by activation of the JAK/STAT pathway. GH accelerates puberty and sexual maturation, when a pubertal pattern of pituitary gonadotropin secretion is established. It enhances the effects of gonadotropins by acting synergistically to promote the ovulatory process. It enhances follicular survival and cell proliferation by potentiating LH action. It improves oocyte quality by accelerating and coordinating cytoplasmic and nuclear maturation in oocytes.GH is proliferative and antiapoptotic in regard to the corpus luteum. Placental GH stimulates the invasive activity of trophoblasts and GH receptor expression is correlated with the degree of invasiveness. It stimulates fetal growth by binding to placental GH receptors. It improves uterine receptivity and improves the chance of pregnancy and birth in females who experienced repeated implantation failure using in vitro fertilization. It is obligatory for normal pubertal mammary development and alters nutrient partitioning to favour mammary gland anabolism and extramammary catabolism. GH is a potent steroidogenic factor. It stimulates the production of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) which mediates cholesterol translocation across the inner mitochondrial membrane. It improves sperm morphology and motility in animals.
Pages: 4683-4692 | 434 Views 143 Downloads
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How to cite this article:
Jyotsana Shakkarpude, Aditya Mishra, Preeti Lakhani, Anand Jain, Manju Kumari, Deepika D Caesar. Role of growth hormone in reproduction. Int J Chem Stud 2019;7(3):4683-4692.
