Vol. 6, Issue 4 (2018)
Evaluation of immune response in sheep model following immunization with Inactivated Mycobacterium avium sub species paratuberculosis vaccine
Author(s): Ramesha CB, D Rathnamma, S Isloor, BM Veeregowda, HD Narayanaswamy, M Narayana Bhat, HK Siddalingamurthy, SY Mukartal, AG Prashanth, KP Manjunatha and Purushotham KM
Abstract: Mycobacterium avium subspp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is an obligate pathogen causing Johne’s disease (JD) in animals and responsible for significant economic loss in livestock industry. Currently no commercial vaccine is available in India for the control of disease, so the present study was conducted to evaluate efficacy of an indigenous inactivated MAP vaccine for the control of JD in experimentally challenged Mandya breed of sheep in an organized farm. A local MAP isolate S196 of sheep origin was inactivated at 72oC for 2 hours and vaccine was prepared at a final concentration of 2.5 mg (dried) of MAP organisms per ml (approximately 12×108 bacilli/ml) in Aluminum hydrooxide gel and 0.01% Thiomersal. The study animals of 4-6 months of age were grouped into vaccinated and sham immunized animals and were vaccinated with inactivated MAP vaccine and challenged at 75, 77 and & 79 days post vaccination (DPV) with 3 x 109 colony forming units (CFU) of live MAP organisms through oral route. Two animals from each group were sacrificed at 90th, 240th and 300th DPV. Animals were evaluated for clinical symptoms, cell mediated and humoral immune responses, shedding of MAP bacilli and pathology. Vaccinated sheep gained higher bodyweights (BW 11.79 ± SE0.125221), also had high level of serum nitric oxide, significant lymphocyte stimulation by lymphocyte transformation assay and higher sero-conversion by indirect ELISA as compared to sham immunized sheep. There was significant difference between (P < 0.05) vaccinated and sham immunized animals in all immunological parameters. Sacrificed sham immunized animals showed pathognomonic gross lesions such as thickening and corrugation of small intestine, edematous and enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes which were not observed in vaccinated animals. Histopathologically infiltration of mononuclear cells and epitheloid cells in mucosa, submucosa of intestine and mesenteric lymph nodes were observed. In conclusion, indigenous inactivated MAP vaccine had protected the sheep against challenge infection with live MAP organisms with an effective CMI and humoral immune responses.
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How to cite this article:
Ramesha CB, D Rathnamma, S Isloor, BM Veeregowda, HD Narayanaswamy, M Narayana Bhat, HK Siddalingamurthy, SY Mukartal, AG Prashanth, KP Manjunatha, Purushotham KM. Evaluation of immune response in sheep model following immunization with Inactivated Mycobacterium avium sub species paratuberculosis vaccine. Int J Chem Stud 2018;6(4):1784-1792.
