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P-ISSN: 2349-8528, E-ISSN: 2321-4902   |   Impact Factor: GIF: 0.565

Vol. 6, Special Issue 4 (2018)

Diversity in phytochemical composition of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) genotypes based on principal component analysis


Author(s): Preeti Kumari, RB Verma, Nisha Rani, Ashish K Singh, Amba Kumari

Abstract: Bitter gourd is highly nutritious with high medicinal value vegetable crop due to their high contents of phytochemicals, especially-Anti oxidant, Vitamin C, Iron and phosphorus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of bitter gourd based on phytochemical contents and Antioxidant activities in different in vitro assay. A total of 16 traits were studied for sixteen diverse bitter gourd genotype were collected from different part of India and grown in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications, each replication consist of sixteen plants per treatment during Kharif -2015 at vegetable farm of Department of Horticulture (Vegetable and Floriculture), Bihar Agricultural College, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur (Bihar). The antioxidant activity was investigated by the water extract of fruit fractions by several in vitro systems of assay, namely DPPH radical-scavenging activity, ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and total antioxidant capacity. Total phenolic content was measured by Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and TSS was measured by refractometer. Chlorophyll content was measured by spectrophotometer at different wave length. High variations were observed in these accessions for all phyto-chemical contents. Many of these traits are of significant economic importance and could be used as breeding targets to increase fruit yield and fruit quality. Principal component analysis of sixteen bitter gourd genotypes based on phyto-chemical traits was performed by using statistical software SPSS 15.0. Cluster analysis showed that the 16 genotypes of bitter gourd could be grouped into 5 clusters. The highest intra cluster distance was recorded for cluster II followed by cluster I. Genotype from this cluster could be utilized as parental line for hybrid breeding programme owing to their higher mean performance within group. Genotype from distance clusters could be used in crop improvement programme to produce populations with wide variability with transgressive segregants possessing nutrient rich fruits. Total antioxidant capacity (µmol TE/g) CUPRAC contribute maximum towards genetic diversity for phytochemical traits. The results are useful for germplasm conservation, utilization and management for breeding of bitter gourd in the future for quality improvement.

Pages: 36-42  |  977 Views  124 Downloads

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How to cite this article:
Preeti Kumari, RB Verma, Nisha Rani, Ashish K Singh, Amba Kumari. Diversity in phytochemical composition of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) genotypes based on principal component analysis. International Journal of Chemical Studies. 2018; 6(4): 36-42.
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