Vol. 6, Issue 3 (2018)
Botanicals: Potential plant protection chemicals: A review
Author(s): Prasanna HS, Swami DV, Bhagya HP, Bhavishya and Shivakumar SN
Abstract: The medicinal and aromatic plants are traditionally used in pest and disease control from time immemorial. The MAPs extracts/botanicals are easy to prepare and use, locally available, eco friendly, biodegradable, do not persist in soil and water and less or no toxic to vertebrates (ï¬shes, birds and mamamals). As upon regular using of synthetic PPCs the appearance of resistant strains is observed i.e., > 500 insect and mite species are resistant to one or more insecticides (World Resources Institute, 1994). So the application of double and triple rates of synthetic PPCs has to be used to maintain control. These synthetic PPCs also cause environmental hazards. As the persistency of synthetic PPCs is more and they have long degradation periods it can accumulate in the food chain and also results in the generation of high and acute toxicities. These synthetic PPCs also causes carcinogenicity, mutagenity, hormonal imbalance, spermatotoxicity etc... and interfere in human health issues. The estimation done by World Health Organization (WHO) says that 2 lakh people/year are killed worldwide due to pesticide poisoning. The synthetic PPCs have very less selectivity so that they kill both beneficial and harmful organisms. These synthetic PPCs also results in groundwater contamination & secondary pest outbreaks. So in order to avoid these problems use of MAPs is one of the necessary step in pest and disease management. The active ingredients of medicinal plants are N containing compounds (Alkaloids, glycosides etc.) and aromatic plants are essential oils. These EOs are complex mixture of terpenoids (C 10 & C 15) & and aromatic phenols and their oxides, ethers, alcohols, esters, aldehydes and ketones. These were used Flavour and fragrances, condiment or spice, medicines, antimicrobial/insecticidal agents, insect repellent or protect stored products. Also as fumigant and contact insecticidal activities. Botanicals can be used as fumigant in storied pest & soil born pathogens. These botanicals also has anti fungal, anti bacterial & anti viral activities and can be used to control the diseases. The drawback of botanicals is Poor availability of raw material and the efficacy v/s synthetic pesticides is very low. So technology validated & commercial formulation should be available, along with these many other MAPs should be explored and efficacy of botanicals should be improves through biotechnology & nanotechnology.
Pages: 217-222 | 769 Views 66 Downloads
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How to cite this article:
Prasanna HS, Swami DV, Bhagya HP, Bhavishya, Shivakumar SN. Botanicals: Potential plant protection chemicals: A review. Int J Chem Stud 2018;6(3):217-222.
